GK · Chapter 02

Largest, Highest and Longest in India

Geography · Water Bodies · Structures · Infrastructure Superlatives

Largest Water Bodies
CategoryLargestLocation
Freshwater LakeWular LakeJammu & Kashmir
Artificial LakeGovind Ballabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam)Uttar Pradesh
Brackish Water LakeChilika LakeOdisha
DeltaSundarbans DeltaWest Bengal
Natural PortMumbaiMaharashtra
⚡ QUICK RECALL Wular = freshwater, Chilika = brackish water. Don't swap — this pairing is asked almost every year.
Largest Land Features
CategoryLargestLocation
River IslandMajuli (Brahmaputra River)Assam
River that does not form a deltaNarmada—
DesertThar DesertRajasthan
District by population (Census 2011 boundaries)ThaneMaharashtra
District (by area)KutchGujarat
⚠ EXAM TRAP Kutch = largest district by AREA (Gujarat); Thane = largest by population on Census 2011 boundaries (Maharashtra; split in 2014). Frequently swapped in prelims-level questions.
Largest Religious & Cultural Structures
CategoryLargestLocation
MosqueTaj-ul-MasajidBhopal, Madhya Pradesh
DomeGol GumbazBijapur (Karnataka)
Cave TempleKailasa TempleEllora (Maharashtra)
CorridorRameswaram Temple CorridorTamil Nadu
Largest Institutions & Infrastructure
CategoryLargestLocation
Zoo (Zoological Garden)Sri Venkateswara Zoological ParkTirupati, Andhra Pradesh; largest by land area
MuseumIndian MuseumKolkata
PlanetariumBirla PlanetariumKolkata
Cantilever BridgeHowrah BridgeKolkata
Single Screen Cinema HallRaj MandirJaipur
Cattle FairSonepurBihar
⚡ QUICK RECALL Kolkata: Indian Museum, M. P. Birla Planetarium and Howrah Bridge. Largest zoo by land area: Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park, Tirupati.
The Highest in India
CategoryHighestDetails
AirportLeh AirportLadakh
WaterfallKunchikal Falls455 m, Varahi River, Karnataka
GlacierSiachen GlacierLadakh — near LoC with Pakistan
DamTehri Dam260.5 m, Uttarakhand
High-altitude lake (2024 survey)Khangchung TshoSikkim; about 18,000 ft in the 2024 GLOF survey
Peak (India-administered)KangchenjungaBorder of Sikkim & Nepal
GatewayBuland DarwazaFatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh
8,586 mKangchenjunga Height
260.5 mTehri Dam Height
455 mKunchikal Falls Height
Important Height Notes
  • Highest peak including Pakistan-administered Kashmir: K2 / Godwin-Austen — Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
  • Kangchenjunga (8,586 m), on the Sikkim–Nepal border, is the highest peak in Indian-administered territory.
  • Statue of Unity (Gujarat) — tallest statue in the world; located on Sadhu Bet Island on the Narmada river.
  • Qutub Minar, Delhi — tallest minaret in India.
⚠ EXAM TRAP K2 (8,611 m) is the highest peak in territory claimed by India but lies in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. For "highest peak actually administered by India," the correct answer is Kangchenjunga, NOT K2 — a very common trap.
Longest Rivers & Glaciers
CategoryLongestDetails
RiverGanga River2,525 km
River of Peninsular IndiaGodavari River1,465 km
Tributary RiverYamuna River1,376 km
GlacierSiachen GlacierRoughly 72–75 km
⚡ QUICK RECALL Ganga = longest river overall. Godavari = longest in South India (nicknamed "Dakshin Ganga"). Yamuna = longest tributary. Three separate records — don't merge them.
Coastline & Canal
CategoryLongestDetails
State with Longest CoastlineGujarat2,340.62 km (revised 2025 measurement)
CanalIndira Gandhi Canal650 km, Rajasthan
RoadGrand Trunk Road—
Longest Highways, Railways & Tunnels
CategoryLongestDetails
National HighwayNH-44Srinagar to Kanyakumari — 3,745 km
Railway RouteDibrugarh to Kanyakumari4,189 km
Railway PlatformHubli StationKarnataka — 1,507 m
Railway TunnelT-50Jammu & Kashmir — 12.77 km
Operational highway tunnel (formerly Chenani–Nashri)Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Tunnelabout 9 km
⚠ EXAM TRAP T-50 (railway tunnel, 12.77 km) is often confused with Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Tunnel (road/NH tunnel, about 9 km) — different categories, both in J&K region.
Longest Bridges & Dams
CategoryLongestDetails
River BridgeBhupen Hazarika SetuDhola–Sadiya, Assam; Lohit River
Sea BridgeAtal Setu (Mumbai Trans Harbour Link)Mumbai, Maharashtra
DamHirakud DamOdisha
⚡ QUICK RECALL Bhupen Hazarika Setu: 9.15-km Lohit River bridge in Assam. Atal Setu: longest Indian bridge overall/sea bridge, about 21.8 km. Hirakud: about 25.8 km including dam and dykes; Tehri is highest by height.
Quick Reference Summary
Largest Freshwater LakeWular Lake (J&K)
Largest Artificial LakeGovind Ballabh Pant Sagar (UP)
Largest River IslandMajuli, Assam
Largest DesertThar Desert (Rajasthan)
Largest DeltaSundarbans Delta (WB)
Largest Brackish LakeChilika Lake (Odisha)
Largest District (Census 2011 boundaries)Thane (Maharashtra)
Largest District (Area)Kutch (Gujarat)
Largest MosqueTaj-ul-Masajid, Bhopal
Largest DomeGol Gumbaz, Bijapur
Largest Cave TempleKailasa Temple, Ellora
Largest MuseumIndian Museum, Kolkata
Largest PlanetariumBirla Planetarium, Kolkata
Largest CorridorRameswaram Temple Corridor, TN
Largest Cattle FairSonepur (Bihar)
River without a DeltaNarmada
Highest AirportLeh Airport (Ladakh)
Highest WaterfallKunchikal Falls, 455 m
Highest GlacierSiachen Glacier (Ladakh)
Highest DamTehri Dam, 260.5 m
Sikkim lake (2024 survey)Khangchung Tsho, Sikkim (~18,000 ft; 2024 survey)
Highest Peak (India-administered)Kangchenjunga
Highest GatewayBuland Darwaza, Fatehpur Sikri
Tallest Statue in WorldStatue of Unity (Gujarat)
Tallest MinaretQutub Minar, Delhi
Longest RiverGanga (2,525 km)
Longest River (South India)Godavari (1,465 km)
Longest Ganga TributaryYamuna (1,376 km)
Longest GlacierSiachen (~72–75 km)
Longest National HighwayNH-44 (3,745 km)
Longest Railway RouteDibrugarh–Kanyakumari (4,189 km)
Longest Railway PlatformHubli Station (1,507 m)
Longest Railway TunnelT-50, J&K (12.77 km)
Highway tunnel (Chenani–Nashri)Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Tunnel (about 9 km)
Longest CanalIndira Gandhi Canal (650 km)
Longest River BridgeBhupen Hazarika Setu
Longest Sea BridgeAtal Setu
Longest Coastline StateGujarat (2,340.62 km (revised 2025 measurement))
Longest DamHirakud Dam (Odisha)
Longest RoadGrand Trunk Road